The User may have access to special visualization services as shown in Figure 1. This screen appears after clicking on "Services" tab from the home page of IS-EPOS web platform and the selecting "Visualization" (options in the red boxes, Figure 1). A list of visualization services is shown, with a brief description appended and option to add the service in the workspace (clicking "Add to workspace" tabs, indicated by the blue boxes in Figure 1). Clicking anywhere into the area constrained by the green frame in Figure 1, would show an overview of the service with additional information, such as input files, references, affiliation, output results etc.

Figure 1.

• Front Advance Histograms Visualizations: This is a service dedicated to mining induced Episodes and is directly connected with the Time Dependent Seismic Hazard Service. It provides histograms of seismic events and seismic energy release for constant steps of mining front advance. The data needed for this services comes from the AH Episodes (see this chapter) and in particular Bobrek Mine seismic catalog and Bobrek mine front advance, as depicted in Figure 2, next to "Using Seismic catalog" and "Using mining front advance", respectively. Any other, previously filtered catalog can be introduced as well. In addition, the front window size is requested to be set by the user (in meters).

Figure 2.

The results will be demonstrated after clicking on the "Run" button (blue box in Figure 2). An example of the resulting histograms is shown in Figure 3. The energy histogram is similar. Zooming in/out, options for linear/logarithmic scale of the y-axis and interval/cumulative histogram plotting are available for both events and energy charts. The results are also available in numerical format, and can be selected after clicking on the small arrow, indicated by the red circle in Figure 2.

Figure 3.

• Front Advance Visualization:This is a service dedicated to mining induced Episodes and is directly connected with the Time Dependent Seismic Hazard Service. The data needed for this services comes from the AH Episodes (see this chapter) and in particular Bobrek Mine seismic catalog and Bobrek mine front advance, as depicted in Figure 4, next to "Using Seismic catalog" and "Using mining front advance", respectively. Any other, previously filtered catalog can be introduced as well.Additional parameters are requested by the User (Figure 4):

Figure 4.

• Chose line date: The User may select a date among the ones given in the list, corresponding to specified positions of the mining front. The User can click on "Show front positions" tab (Figure 4), to obtain a view of these locations and choose one of the for the impending analysis.
• Select Magnitude column: The user may click on the small arrow in the respective tab (Figure 4) in order to chose among different magnitude scales, in the cases where they are available (e.g. ML, Mw, etc).
• Mmin:The User is now requested to chose the minimum magnitude (completeness level of the catalog). This can be done in two ways. The first is to type a single magnitude value in the empty box, possibly after he/she has performed an individual analysis (see MCE service). The second is to graphically select the minimum magnitude from the Normal or the Cumulative histograms, which are available after clicking on the respective tabs. In both cases there is option to alter the step of the histogram's bars and to select between linear and logarithmic scale of the Y-axis for the plotting.

• Margin along front strike [m]: The distance (margin) along the front strike is requested in this field. This distance is equal for both directions of the front strike. Events will be spatially constrained by this margin together with the Distance along the front advance" (see field below).

• Distance along the front advance [m]: The distance along the front advance is requested in this field. This distance is equal for both sides of the front (i.e. in front of and behind the front). Events will be spatially constrained by this margin together with the "Margin along the front strike" (see field above).

Once the parameters are set, the User may click on the "Run" button (blue button at the bottom of Figure 4) and the system produces the results of visualization, as shown in Figure 5.The events constrained by the spatial-temporal-magnitude criteria previously determined, as shown in a map, as circles with size proportional to their magnitude (red circles, Figure 5). The front position is also demonstrated as a black line in Figure 5 and it can be hidden/shown by ticking the box at the left of "Show Mining Front Advance" tag, in the top left corner of the map in Figure 5 (for additional map options, see "Maps Guide" section in the end of this Chapter).

Figure 5.

Four vectors with output results, corresponding to data extracted are also produced (shown at the left of Figure 5) and they are the front position, the latitudes, longitudes and magnitudes of the events. These vectors are available for further processing and can be used as input for other applications. By clicking on any of them in the list, the values of the vector appear in the screen (for example magnitude "m" as shown in Figure 6). These values can be either plotted as 1-D plot (click on "Show" button, indicated by the green box in Figure 6 - see "Plot Properties" later on this Chapter for details), or used in a variety of applications as demonstrated in Figure 6 (red frames).   

Figure 6.

• Integrated episode data Visualization: This is an alternative way to access integrated Episode data visualization, already described in "AH Episode Chapter".

In Addition to those Visualization Services, a tutorial is here presented for some other, useful visualization tools applied in the platform (Waveform Viewer, General Plot Properties ans Maps Guide):

• Waveform Viewer Guide: Waveform viewer is a seismic waveform processing tool. The User may observe, interact and elaborate waveforms corresponding to signals recorded by seismic stations and perform various actions such as phase determination and point picking. These pickings are saved by the system and can be further used in waveform-based services such as Spectral Analysis, Source Localization and Moment Tensor Inversion. The options provided by the waveform viewer are described in Figure 7:
  When clicking on one waveform, additional options appear.The user selects the component(s) that he/she wishes to be displayed in the screen. East-West, North-South, Vertical.

Figure 7.

1. The user selects the component(s) that he/she wishes to be displayed in the screen. East-West, North-South, Vertical.
2. Horizontal zooming in-out.
3. Vertical zooming in-out.
4. Undo all zooming.
5. Select between phase (start and end point) picking and single point picking.
6. Only P-wave is enabled in this Application. (In other Applications, selection between P-wave and S-wave picking are possible, see "Waveform viewer guide" in "Visualization" chapter).
7. Undo picking.
8. Horizontal zooming tool. The User may alternatively zoom in-out the waveform by clicking on this small vertical bar and move the mouse left-right. The User may also click and drag the selected (shaded) part of the waveform left and right.
9. Collapse the details of the waveform.
10. Move the selected (zoomed) part of the waveform left-right.

Note that Displacement, Velocity or Acceleration can be selected as response unit for the waveforms (see 'Seed Response Calculation' section in Low-Level services chapter)  

• Picking Phase:

The User has to pick a starting and an ending point from the Vertical component of a station (**Z channel - see Figure 8). Then, he/she has to repeat this picking for the other stations.

Figure 8.

The number of the seismograms and P-wave phases picked, are updated, each time the User selects makes a new picking.

• Plot Properties: All Figures open in pop-up windows and they can be closed by clicking at the 'x' in the upper right corner, or just pressing Escape button.

• 1-D and 2-D plots - including 1-D and 2-D plots with secondary Y-axis (Figure 9): These plots give the capability of choosing between linear and logarithmic scales for X and Y axes (ticking on small boxes, field 1, Figure 9) and selection of diverse graphic views among scatter plot, spline, column and line (field 2, Figure 9). By holding the cursor still onto an option or in a figure element [e.g. bar in histograms or points in scatter plots], information on this option or element appears on the screen (field 3, Figure 9). Plotted parameters may be hidden and re-appear by clicking at the legend (field 4, Figure 9). The user may save a selected figure (field 5, Figure 9) in one or more of the following formats by clicking on the square panel: .png, .jpeg images, .pdf document or .svg vector image. Alternatively, for some figures the user can download the corresponding data and save them in .csv format in order to use it for further analysis. The figures can also be printed directly (field 6, Figure 9). Many figures have enabled zooming services for focusing in a specified range among the values. This is achieved by clicking at a point of the figure and dragging the mouse cursor either leftwards or rightwards. Instructions are shown at the bottom of the figure as well (field 7, Figure 9). Zooming can be reset by clicking on the "Resert Zoom" tab shown in field 8 of Figure 9.

Figure 9.

• In addition to the previous mentioned options. Histograms, Cumulative Histograms and Reverse Cumulative Histograms also provide the possibility for the user to adjust the step (width) of the x-variable (indicated in the red box, Figure 10).

Figure 10.

• 3-D images are equipped with a rotation function (instead of zooming), activated by holding the left click and moving the mouse Figure 11. 

Figure 11.

• Maps Guide: All google basemaps have in effect the following well known tools (an example is demonstrated in Figure 12): Moving at any direction in the map by clicking and dragging the hand pointer throughout the map. Alternatively, the User may shift the map at any direction by using the arrows shown in field 1 of Figure 12.The street-view imaging tool can also be applied (field 2, Figure 12). Zooming in/out can be performed mouse rolling, or, alternatively, by using the zooming tool (plus-minus boxes and small bar) shown in field 3 of Figure 12. The map scale is updated after any zooming action and is shown at the right bottom corner of the map (indicated by the blue frame in Figure 12). The User is also given the chance to select between Map view and Satellite image (field 4, Figure 12). Terrain and Labels, respectively, can be shown or hidden. Finally full screen mode can be activated after clicking in the "Full Screen" tab (field 5, Figure 12).   

Figure 12.