AH EPISODES

There are multiple ways to access the AH Episode data available in the IS-EPOS web platform.The User may click on the "AH Episodes" tab from the portal main menu in the top left corner of the screen (Field 1, Figure 1). In such way the available episodes are displayed on the screen along with options for selecting and filtering data. "Advanced data search" (field 2, Figure 1) will be described later on in this section. The User is provided the possibility for selecting among AH Episodes according to the technological/production process they are connected with. This can be done by ticking the small boxes shown in field 3 of Figure 1. Ticking "All" box, will exclude no Episode from the list displayed (field 4, Figure 4). The User can now click on one of the Episodes (e.g. Bobrek Mine, or Czorsztyn) from this list to get access to the corresponding data.

Figure 1.

For each one of the AH Episodes from the list, some short information concerning the location and the technology associated with the Episode is provided. In addition, a world map is shown at the bottom of the screen with the exact location of the selected episodes depicted on the map (Figure 2). Zooming, map/satellite view, drawing of national borders and full screen mode are options provided for the map handling.

Figure 2.

Figures 3 and 4 demonstrate an example of a page with data from Bobrek Mine Episode. The structure and interface is identical in all cases of AH Episodes. Some informative fields are displayed in the top of the screen such as the Episode State, Industrial process and Region, together with a short Description of the Episode (Figure 3). Some images related with the selected Episode are also displayed, providing additional information. Episode Data is found just below the Description and they are categorized into 3 groups of different data types (Field 1, Figure 4): Seismic data, Technological data and Geological data

Figure 3.

Seismic Data includes mainly seismicity catalogs, seismic network information and waveforms corresponding to seismic events as they were recorded by the stations. Geological data include mainly velocity models from the site of the Episode and maps with local faulting systems. On the other hand, Technological data contains a group of data files which is directly connected with the technological-production processes that induce the anthropogenic seismicity (see the example from Bobrek Mine Episode, Figure 4).

Figure 4.

There are additional fields shown in Figure 4: Field 2, "All data related to this episode", grants access to the "Advanced data search", which will be described later on in this section. "Available visualizations" (field 3, Figure 4) provides to the User the ability to perform integrated Episode data visualization and various other visualizations, regarding the selected Episode. Finally, clicking on field 4 of Figure 4, "See more information in Document Repository", leads the User to the document repository engine, to seek for references and further details concerning the Episode, data, methods etc.

All of the aforementioned data sets can be selected by clicking and then added to workspace (selecting "Add to workspace" from the "Actions" tab, e.g. field 1, Figure 6) to be used for the available services. For some of these data sets, visualization is also possible, as map view (e.g. Seismic Network, mining area, reservoir shoreline) or graph charts (e.g. velocity model, mining front advance, injection rate). The map view - like data can be combined and demonstrated in a single map by selecting the "integrated Episode data visualization" from the "Available Visualizations" tab. Seismic events (red circles), network of seismic stations (green triangles) and various episode-related data can be shown/hidden by setting/deleting a tick in the small boxes shown in the top of Figure 5.

Figure 5.

Additional options are available for some specific kinds of data (Catalog and Water Level/ Wellhead pressure with seismic activity, e-D visualization and Integrated GIS data), therefore, these will be now described in detail.

Catalog Options (All episodes)

Seismic catalog contains various important information as demonstrated in Figure 6 and Figure 7. The User may upload the catalog data in the workspace by selecting "Actions" (field 1, Figure 6) and then "Add to workspace". Below this field, a short summary of the catalog is provided, containing the number of events, time period that the Episode covers, depth range of seismicity and magnitude range of the events. Below the summary, there are some action tabs (fields 2-6, Figure 6). The attributes of the catalog are displayed below these tabs, and they comprise the Name of the attribute, a brief description, the minimum and maximum values and the number of valid values (i.e. values that exist, not NaNs). The action tabs are the following (also see "plot properties" section in "Visualizations" chapter):

Figure 6.

Seismic Activity Step plot (field 2, Figure 6): This option shows the seismic activity plotted against time (Figure p1). Zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the y-axis are available.

Figure p1.

3D events distribution (field 3, Figure 6): 3D spatial distribution of the events foci (longitude,latitude,depth), as circles with size proportional to the event magnitude (Figure p2). Rotation of the plot is possible after clicking and dragging the cursor through the plot area. The focal coordinates of each event are depicted when the cursor is pointing on a circle.

Figure p2.

Benioff plot (field 4, Figure 6): A Benioff plot (square root of energy against time) can be created for those catalogs which include information on seismic energy released by the seismic events (Figure p3). Zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the y-axis are available.

Figure p3.

Show catalog (field 5, Figure 6): Detailed information on the attributes of every event in the seismic catalog is demonstrated (Figure p4). These data appear as pop-up windows and are shown in pages, each one containing 20 rows. The User can proceed to the following or previous pages by clicking the left-right arrows shown in the bottom left part of Figure p4.

Figure p4.

Events in local coordinates (field 6, Figure 6): This option generates 2-D plot of the epicentral coordinates of the seismic events (Figure p5) in local (cartesian) coordinate system (when those are available). Zooming in/out option is available for this figure.

Figure p5.

Additional plotting options are available by clicking on the gear icon shown in field 7 of Figure 6 (right hand side). These options include histograms (interval, cumulative and reversed cumulative histograms) and 1-D plots. Zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the y-axis are available. Moreover, in histograms the bar step can be modified and in 1-D plots the chart type can be switched among column, scatter, spline and line.

Even more visualization options are available at the bottom of the screen, as shown in Figure 7. The epicenters of the seismic events are demonstrated on a google map, which are equipped with zooming, map/satellite view, drawing of national borders and full screen mode options. The events serial numbers, their origin time and the magnitudes, are shown on the screen after the User clicks on one of the events depicted by the red circles. A variety of plots are available as shown in field 1, Figure 7. The User can chose one of the following plot types, defining the attribute to be shown at the X, Y and Z axes:

1-D plot with secondary Y-axis (zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the x-axis and y-axis are available)
2-D plot (zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the x-axis and y-axis are available)
2-D plot with secondary Y-axis (zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the x-axis and y-axis are available)
3-D plot (rotation of the plot is possible after clicking and dragging the cursor through the plot area)
2-D Histogram, as shown in Figure 8 (rotation of the plot is possible after clicking and dragging the cursor through the plot area).
(See also "plot properties" section in"Visualization" chapter)

Figure 7.

Figure 8.

Finally, seismic activity can be plotted together with any other parameter in field 2 of Figure 7. An example of seismic activity plotted with latitude is shown in Figure 9. The time step can be set by the User (red frame in Figure 9). The time unit can be chosen as well among hour, day and week (green frame in Figure 9). These options are activated by clicking on the "OK" button. Zooming in/out and linear/logarithmic scale of the y-axis are available for this plot.

Figure 9.

Water Level/ Wellhead pressure with Seismic Activity (Czorsztyn, Gross Schoenebeck and Song Tranh)

In this services the technological activity (either reservoir water level or wellhead pressure) is plotted in the same diagram with the histogram of the seismic activity. There are options for both parameters as shown in Figure 10 (top left corner). The step and time unit (hours, days or weeks) of the seismic activity can be selected for the histograms of seismicity. On the other hand, the plot mode of the water level can be adjusted as well, as simple, cumulative, gradient and average (Figure 10).

The zooming (in the X-axis) can be performed in two ways: First by selecting a predefined time unit, shown after "Zoom" field, among 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, YTD (i.e. from the beginning of the current year up to date), 1 year and all (i.e. the entire period). The second is to interactively zoom in/out the X-axis on the lower frame (shown in the red box in Figure 10). The User has just to click on the small rectangles at the left and right of the shaded panel and drag them to either direction in order to select the time period he/she wishes. The selected period can be shifted towards left/right by either dragging the cursor after clicking into the shaded part, or by using the small arrows at the left and right bottom corner of the lower frame (depicted by the red box in Figure 10). In any case the starting and ending date of the chosen period is noted in the screen (green box in Figure 10). Each one of the plotted parameters can be hidden or shown by clicking on the legend, found at the very bottom of Figure 10.

Figure 10.

3-D Visualizations (All Episodes)

This is a 3-D integrated visualization tool which provides an interactive spatial and temporal representation of the seismicity evolution in the AH Episodes and its connection with the production data (e.g. mining front advance, wellhead pressure etc) as demonstrated in Figure 11. The instructions for applying rotation and zoom in the Figure are shown in the top left corner of Figure 11. The seismicity can be shown as a video by using the tools available in field 1, Figure 11. From right to left, the symbols correspond to: Play video forward, jump to the next time point, pause video, jump to the previous time point, play video backwards. The progress of the video is indicated by the black dot moving along the grey bar, found just below the "Date" text, at the top of Figure 11. The objects manager (fields 2, Figure 11) can be used at any time in order to hide/show selected objects on the screen such as the injection wells, the seismic events, the stations of the seismic network, the surface map and the map scale, with respect to the selected episode. Fields 3 in figure 11 show a color scale to interpret the seismic events depicted in terms of their size (magnitude). Finally the User may change the velocity model view in the illustration from Vp to Vs and vice versa by clicking on the "Change velocity model to Vs" button, as shown in field 4, Figure 11.

Figure 11.

Integrated GIS data (Bobrek)

This service allows User to integrate GIS data into an interactive base map plot. The User can introduce to the plot fault segments, operating edges in mining seems, seismic events and front advance. ... to be completed

Figure 12.

ADVANCED DATA SEARCH:

This option provides an advanced data search tool, by the means of multiple data filtering, that can be accessed in two ways (see Figure 1 and Figure 4). The following filters are available for the User (Figure 13 and Figure 14). The User may select one or more options by ticking the corresponding small boxes, or choose all available data from each filter ticking the small box at the left of "All" field.

Figure 13.

The available filters are:

Data Type
Region
Country
Owner
Episode
Impacting Factor

Two additional filters are also provided (Figure 14), in which numerical data is addressed:

Position: The User is requested to select a circular area defined by a "Latitude", a "Longitude" (center) and a "Radius". These values should be entered in the corresponding empty boxes (Top of Figure 14).
Time Range: The User is requested to provide a temporal constraint for the data by entering "Start" and "End" time into the corresponding empty boxes (Top of Figure 14).

Figure 14.

After the selection of the appropriate filters, the User shall click the "Search" button and the resulting datasets appear on the screen (Figure 14). In the case when too many datasets have been selected, the use of the arrows located in the green box of Figure 14, provides access to the those data which are not shown in the screen (A maximum of 20 datasets can be shown per screen). There are 3 actions the User may now attempt:

Details: This choice will show various information concerning the selected data type, as displayed in Figure 15.
Add to workspace: This choice will upload the corresponding dataset to the User's personal workspace for further processing. Alternatively the User may put a tick on one or more of the small boxes at the left side of the figure and then click on the "Add to workspace" bar, located below the table (found in the red frame in Figure 14).
View file: This choice will provide data features and options just as in the conventional data search described earlier in this section.

Figure 15.